MUSINGS

  What Is Meant by the Purchasing of Materials? Purchasing of materials  refers to the procurement of materials for a price. It is usually handled by a specific department (e.g., purchase manager in the procurement department), particularly in large companies. A purchasing department can function effectively if: It is organized on a centralized basis Full co-operation between purchasing department and other departments is assured A close relationship exists between the purchasing department and the accounts department The purchase manager is technically qualified and sufficiently experienced A proper procedure is clearly set out and strictly adhered to Purchasing is a critically important and specialized activity in manufacturing companies. Materials account for a considerable portion of production costs. As such, the purchase manager in such a business is responsible for spending more of its money than anyone else. Any errors on the part of the purchase manager, therefore, may be extr

  TYPES AND FORMS OF COMMUNICATION Having understood elements of communication, their functions and placement in various models, it is time to complete an other chapter on types and forms of communication before resuming our discussions on various other areas of mass communication for a detailed study. Types of communication Broadly speaking, whole human communication could be classified into two distinct parts. •  Intra personal communication  •  Inter personal communication Intra personal communication The part of communication in which self of a human being is involved only and the communication is confined to one human entity. This means that all the elements which come into action in a given piece of communication are located within the self of an individual. A message originating from source part of the brain travels through the channel of nerves to reach another location, however close it may be to the point of origin of message, where it is interpreted and understood as receive

  Intrapersonal communication  can be defined as communication with one’s self, and that may include self-talk, acts of imagination and visualization, and even recall and memory (McLean, 2005 ).   You read on your phone that your friends are going to have dinner at your favourite restaurant. What comes to mind? Sights, sounds, and scents?  Something special that happened the last time you were there?  Do you think of joining them?  Do you start to work out a plan of getting from your present location to the restaurant?  Do you send your friends a text asking if they want company?  Until the moment when you hit the “send” button, you are communicating with yourself. Communications expert Leonard Shedletsky examined intrapersonal communication through the eight basic components of the communication process (i.e., source, receiver, message, channel, feedback, environment, context, and interference) as transactional, but all the interaction occurs within the individual (Shedletsky, 1989 ).