Cost A/c II yr
Types of Cost
Some types of costs in cost accounting are direct, indirect, fixed, variable and operating costs.
A DIRECT COST is related to producing a good or service. A direct cost is the material, labor, expense or distribution cost associated with producing a product. It can be accurately and easily traced to a product, department or project. For example, suppose a worker spends eight hours building a car for a car manufacturing company. The direct costs associated with the car are the wages paid to the worker and the parts used to build the car.
On the other hand, an INDIRECT COST is an expense unrelated to producing a good or service. An indirect cost cannot be easily traced to a product, department, activity or project. For example, an IT company rents office space in a building and produces microchips. The wages paid to the workers and the material used to produce the microchips are direct costs. However, the electricity used to power the entire building is considered an indirect cost because it appears on one bill and is difficult to trace back to the IT company.
A fixed cost is also associated with cost accounting. A FIXED COST does not vary with the number of goods or services a company produces. For example, suppose a company leases a machine for production for two years. The company has to pay Rs 2,00.000 per month to cover the cost of the lease The lease payment the company pays per month is considered a fixed cost.
Contrary to a fixed cost, a VARIABLE COST fluctuates as the level of production output changes. This type of cost varies depending on the number of products a company produces. A variable cost increases as the production volume increases, and it falls as the production volume decreases. For example, a toy manufacturer must package its toys before shipping products out to stores. This is considered a type of variable cost because, as the manufacturer produces more toys, its packaging costs increase. However, if the toy manufacturer's production level is decreasing, the variable cost associated with the packaging decreases.
A DIRECT COST is related to producing a good or service. A direct cost is the material, labor, expense or distribution cost associated with producing a product. It can be accurately and easily traced to a product, department or project. For example, suppose a worker spends eight hours building a car for a car manufacturing company. The direct costs associated with the car are the wages paid to the worker and the parts used to build the car.
On the other hand, an INDIRECT COST is an expense unrelated to producing a good or service. An indirect cost cannot be easily traced to a product, department, activity or project. For example, an IT company rents office space in a building and produces microchips. The wages paid to the workers and the material used to produce the microchips are direct costs. However, the electricity used to power the entire building is considered an indirect cost because it appears on one bill and is difficult to trace back to the IT company.
A fixed cost is also associated with cost accounting. A FIXED COST does not vary with the number of goods or services a company produces. For example, suppose a company leases a machine for production for two years. The company has to pay Rs 2,00.000 per month to cover the cost of the lease The lease payment the company pays per month is considered a fixed cost.
Contrary to a fixed cost, a VARIABLE COST fluctuates as the level of production output changes. This type of cost varies depending on the number of products a company produces. A variable cost increases as the production volume increases, and it falls as the production volume decreases. For example, a toy manufacturer must package its toys before shipping products out to stores. This is considered a type of variable cost because, as the manufacturer produces more toys, its packaging costs increase. However, if the toy manufacturer's production level is decreasing, the variable cost associated with the packaging decreases.
An OPERATING COST is an expense associated with day-to-day business activities and may be variable or fixed. An example of an operating cost is a company's inventory. Suppose a company produces and sells microchips. The microchips must be stored and maintained, which is an operational cost to the company.
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